Ventilating wind-wheel for cowls.



No. 647,72|. Patented A r. I7, 1900. E. N. HIGLEY. VENTILATING WINDWHEEL FOR BOWLS.

(Application filed May 90, 1897.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

\X ff ESSES TH: noRms PETERS coa momuma. WASHINGTON u c N0. 647,72l.Patented Apr. I7, I900. E. N. HIGLEY. VENTILATING WIND WHEEL- FOB GDWLS.

(No Mode.) Application filed May 20, 1897.) 2 sheatssheet 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EBEN N. I-IIGLEY, OF SOMERSWORTH, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

VENTILATING WIND-WHEEL FOR COWLS SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent NO. 647,721, dated April 17, 1900.

Application filed May 20,1897.

To all whom/ it may concern:

Be it known that I, EBEN N. HIGLEY, of Somersworth, in the county ofStraiford and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Ventilating Wind -Wheels for Oowls, of which thefollowing, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in wind-wheels, and moreespecially to those used in connection with an internal fan in aVetilator to ventilate chimneys, stacks of pipe, bath-rooms, stables,&c., and has for its object to prevent injury to the wheel or theinternal fan when the wind is very strong and to cause a more even draftby the ventilator, and, further, to provide easy means whereby theventilator can be changed so as to exhaust air from the space to beventilated or to force air into said space.

The invention consists of the combination of elements and thearrangement and construction .of parts, as will be fully describedhereinafter, and it is carried out substantially as illustrated on theaccompanying drawings, whereon=- Figure 1 represents a verticallongitudinal section of a ventilator embodying my invention. Fig. 2represents a vertical cross-section of the same on the line A B, shownin Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a horizontal cross-section on the line 0 D,also shown on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents adetail front elevation of oneof the arms of a wind-wheel used in my invention, the purpose andoperation of which wind-wheel will be fully understood by a furtherdescription of the invention. resents a longitudinal section of the armsof the wind-Wheel on the line E F, shown in- Fig. 7. Fig. 6 representsan enlarged detail view of a portion of one of the arms of thewind-wheel, showing the same partially in longitudinal section. Fig. 7represents an enlarged detail section on the line G H, shown in Fig. 8.Fig. 8 represents a cross-section of one of the arms of the wind-wheelon the line I J, shown in Fig. 9.

Like characters of reference refer to like parts wherever they occur inthe difierent parts of the drawings.

The ventilator which has been shown to Fig. 5 rep- Serial No. 637,312.(No model.)

illustrate my invention is provided with a casing which is made in twoparts 1 and 2. The lower vertical portion 1 of the casing is preferablymade in the form of a cylindrical tube, as shown, which is connected toand in open communication with the stack of pipes or the space orchamber to be ventilated. The upper portion 2 of the casing is made inthe form of a cylindrical tube and arranged horizontally, it beingclosed at one end by a conical portion 3, but is open at the oppositeends, as is shown in Fig. l. The casing 2 has a branch 4:, which extendsdownward, and surrounding the upper open end of the easing 1 forms anopen communication between the portions 1 and 2 of the casing. Avertical shaft 5 is located Within the casing and is mounted withinbearings in spider=shaped brackets 6 6, substantially as shown and insuch a manner that the portion 2 of the easing is free to rotate uponthe portion 1 of the casing with the shaft 5 as a fulcrum, so as topresent the open mouth of the casing 2 in any direction in relation tothe casing 1 for a purpose to be fully understood from a furtherdescription of the operation of the ventilator.

Within a bearing in a spider-shaped bracket 7, located within the openmouth of the easing 2, is mounted the shaft 8, which is free to rotatewithin said bearing. Upon the shaft 8 are firmly attached the internalfan 9 and the external fan or wind wheel 10. The internal fan 9preferably is of such a diameter as to nearly equal the diameter of thecasing while the external fan or Wind wheel 10 has a diameter greatly inexcess of the diameter of the casing 2 and sufficient to extendconsiderably on either side of the casing. The blades 11 of the fan 9extend from the center of the fan to the extreme outer periphery of thesame, and said blades are rigidly attached to said fan. The blades 12 ofthe fan 10 ex tend from the outer periphery of the fan to ward thecenter thereof a sufficient distance so as not to extend beyond thesurface of the casing 2 and therefore not to obstruct the open mouth ofsaid casing.

The arms which carry the blades 12 of the Wind-wheel are secured to andextend radially from the hub 13, attached in any suitable Inanner totheshaft 8.

The blades of the wind-wheel are provided with the blocks 14 14, throughwhich the outer portion 15 of the arm of the fan is inserted and withinwhich said portion is held by means of the screws 16 16.

By means of this construction it will be understood that the relativeposition or incline of the blade may be changed, so as to make itfeather more or ward toward the center of the fan.

less, as desired.

The outer portion 15 of the arm of the fan is loosely mounted within therecess 17 in the inner portion 18 of said arm.Anexternallyscrew-threaded sleeve 19 surrounds the outer with a pin orstud 23, which projects through a short spiral slot 24 in the portion18.

The action of the arm, as above described, is such that when the speedof the fan is increased by an increase in the velocity of the wind thecentrifugal action on the blade 12,

:attached' to said arm, will tend to cause said blade to move outwardfrom the center of the 7 fan and therebywill draw the portion 15outtheinfluence of the spring'2l.

-tion 15 moves outward the combined action of the pin 23 and slot 24will cause the portion ward from the recess in the portion '18 againstAs the por- 15,"with its attached blade 12, to turn.. This pendent ofthe velocity of the wind.

turning of the blade 12 will feather the blade more or less, or, inother words, will gradu-' ally decrease the amount of its surface whichwill be exposed to the action of the wind until only the edge of theblade is acted upon by the wind. This will act to reduce the powerexerted by said blade upon the fan and the fan-shaft, and consequentlyreduce the speed of the fan until there is an equilibrium between thecentrifugal action on the blade and the action of the spring 21 upon theblade. Thus it will be seen that this construction acts as a governor topractically maintain a uniform speed of the fan 'inde- It will also beseen that the amount of the speed of the fan necessary to cause theblades to turn in a manner as above described depends upon the power ofthe spring 21, and as the power of this spring may be increased ordiminished by the adjustment of the sleeve 19 within the cap 20 thisuniform speed of the fan may be increased or diminished, as desired, bythe adjustment of said sleeve. Thus I not only provide a governor forsaid fan, but also make said governor adjustable, as desired.

It has been found that in some cases an internal fan with a diameterequal to the diameter of the space through which the air is to be drawnby said fan is not sufficiently powerful to produce the desired result,and to overcome this difficulty I increase the diameter of the openmouth of the casing 2 and that portion of said casing in which theinternal fan 9 is located and increase'the diameter of the internal fanin the same manner.

By pivotally mounting the casing 2 upon the casing 1 and using theexternal fan- 10 the casing 2 will be turned upon its fulcrum so thatits open mouth will be in a direction directly opposite to thattfromwhich the wind is blowing. This causes the ventilator to answer thepurpose of a weather-vane as well as that of a ventilator, and it alsoprevents any snow, sleet, or rain from entering the venti'laton' In somecases it is desirable that air should be forced downward through thecasings 1 and 2, and in such a case it is only necessary that theinclines of the blades 12 on the fan 10 should be changed, so as to beopposite from that showing on the drawings, in which case the fan 10will be rotated so as to draw air from outside and force it down thecasing 1.

In order to make the ventilator'very sensitive and to cause it tooperate when there is but a slight stir in the air, I prefer to providethe bearings for the fan-shaft, as well as those for the vertical shaft,with ball-bearings; but it has been deemed-unnecessary to illustratesuch, as their construction is too well known to need illustration orexplanation.

Having thusfully described the nature,

construction, and operation of my invention,

without attempting to illustrate or describe all of the various formsand devices which may be used to carry it out, I wish to secure byLetters Patent and claim- 1. In a ventilator, a casing, an internal fanwithin the casing, a shaft carrying said fan, an external fan on saidshaft to rotate said internal fan, said external fan consisting of aplurality of radiating arms each made in two parts the outer partmovable longitudinally in relation to the inner part, a spring tendingto normally draw the outer part toward the center of the fan, a cam-sloton one of the parts of the arm, a pin on the other part of the armengaging the cam-slot, and blades carried by the outer parts of saidarms, whereby the outer parts of the arms of the external fan will moveoutward as the velocity of the ro tations of the fan increases, and theblades of the fan will be feathered more or less there by, to maintain amore uniform speed of the internal fan, for the pur'pose set forth.

2. In a ventilator, a'casing, an internal fan within the casing, a shaftcarrying said fan, and an external wind-wheel on said shaft to rotatesaid fan, said wheel having radiating supporting arms, and bladesadjustably mounted upon said arms, each blade constructed so as'to beturned upon its supporting-arm as an axis to vary the incline of eachblade independent of the others and whereby two subscribing witnesses,on this 18th day of May, A. D. 1897.

EBEN N. HIGLEY.

HENRY CHADBOURN, HARRY N. SQUIRES.

